In terms of weight and balance, why is it important to monitor the CG of an aircraft?

Monitoring the center of gravity (CG) of an aircraft is crucial for optimizing aerodynamic efficiency. The CG affects how the aircraft behaves in flight, including its stability, control, and overall performance. If the CG is too far forward or too far aft, it can lead to undesirable flight characteristics. For instance, a forward CG can make the aircraft feel heavy on the controls and can increase drag, which can affect fuel efficiency and climb performance. Conversely, an aft CG can make the aircraft more prone to stall and may lead to difficulties in recovering from an unusual attitude.

Maintaining the aircraft's CG within specified limits helps ensure that it operates efficiently within its design parameters, improving performance outcomes such as fuel economy and maneuverability. This is why optimizing aerodynamic efficiency through proper CG management is of utmost importance in aviation operations.